Development of a whole-cell biosensor for detecting organophosphorus pesticide methyl parathion in the farmland soil / 生物工程学报

The evaluation of the bioavailability of pollutants in soil is crucial to accurately assess the pollution risk, and whole-cell biosensor is one of the important tools for such evaluation. This study aimed to develop a novel whole-cell biosensor for the detection of methyl parathion in soil using. First, a whole-cell biosensor was constructed by the screened methyl parathion hydrolase mpd gene, the existing specific induction element pobR, and the pUC19 plasmid skeleton. Then, the detection method of methyl parathion in soil extracts was established using 96-well microtiter plate as carrier and five whole-cell biosensors as indicator. The method was applied in the detection of methyl parathion in tested and field soil extracts. Taking E. coli DH5α/pMP-AmilCP with the best detection performance as an example, this biosensor had a detection limit of 6.21-6.66 µg/L and a linear range of 10-10 000 µg/L for methyl parathion in four soil extracts. E. coli DH5α/pMP-RFP and E. coli DH5α/pMP-AmilCP methods have good detection performance for the analysis of methyl parathion in soil extract samples. This biosensor method can help to quickly assess the bioavailability of methyl parathion in soil, and thus help to understand the risk of soil pollution caused by organophosphorus pesticide methyl parathion.

Development of biosensors highly responsive to N-acetylneuraminic acid in Bacillus subtilis / 生物工程学报

Bacillus subtilis is recognized as a generally-regarded-as-safe strain, and has been widely used in the biosynthesis of high value-added products, including N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc) which is widely used as a nutraceutical and a pharmaceutical intermediate. Biosensors responding to target products are widely used in dynamic regulation and high-throughput screening in metabolic engineering to improve the efficiency of biosynthesis. However, B. subtilis lacks biosensors that can efficiently respond to NeuAc. This study first tested and optimized the transport capacity of NeuAc transporters, and obtained a series of strains with different transport capacities for testing NeuAc-responsive biosensors. Subsequently, the binding site sequence of Bbr_NanR responding to NeuAc was inserted into different sites of the constitutive promoter of B. subtilis, and active hybrid promoters were obtained. Next, by introducing and optimizing the expression of Bbr_NanR in B. subtilis with NeuAc transport capacity, we obtained an NeuAc-responsive biosensor with wide dynamic range and higher activation fold. Among them, P535-N2 can sensitively respond to changes in intracellular NeuAc concentration, with the largest dynamic range (180-20 245) AU/OD. P566-N2 shows a 122-fold of activation, which is 2 times of the reported NeuAc-responsive biosensor in B. subtilis. The NeuAc-responsive biosensor developed in this study can be used to screen enzyme mutants and B. subtilis strains with high NeuAc production efficiency, providing an efficient and sensitive analysis and regulation tool for biosynthesis of NeuAc in B. subtilis.

Advances of development and application amino acid biosensors / 生物工程学报

Amino acids are the basic building blocks of protein that are very important to the nutrition and health of humans and animals, and widely used in feed, food, medicine and daily chemicals. At present, amino acids are mainly produced from renewable raw materials by microbial fermentation, forming one of the important pillar industries of biomanufacturing in China. Amino acid-producing strains are mostly developed through random mutagenesis- and metabolic engineering-enabled strain breeding combined with strain screening. One of the key limitations to further improvement of production level is the lack of efficient, rapid, and accurate strain screening methods. Therefore, the development of high-throughput screening methods for amino acid strains is very important for the mining of key functional elements and the creation and screening of hyper-producing strains. This paper reviews the design of amino acid biosensors and their applications in the high-throughput evolution and screening of functional elements and hyper-producing strains, and the dynamic regulation of metabolic pathways. The challenges of existing amino acid biosensors and strategies for biosensor optimization are discussed. Finally, the importance of developing biosensors for amino acid derivatives is prospected.

Aplicações da manufatura aditiva em oftalmologia / Applications of additive manufacturing in ophthalmology

RESUMO A manufatura aditiva, mais popularmente conhecida como impressão tridimensional, baseia-se no desenvolvimento de um objeto com a ajuda de um software de desenho assistido por computador seguido de sua impressão por meio da deposição de uma matéria-prima, camada por camada, para a construção do produto desejado. Existem vários tipos de técnicas de impressão tridimensional, e o tipo de processo de impressão escolhido depende da aplicação específica do objeto a ser desenvolvido, dos materiais a serem utilizados e da resolução necessária à impressão do produto final. A impressão tridimensional abriu perspectivas na pesquisa e revolucionou o campo das ciências da saúde, com a possibilidade de criação e de desenvolvimento de produtos personalizados de maneira rápida, econômica e de forma mais centralizada do que no processo de manufatura tradicional. As tecnologias de manufatura aditiva remodelaram os diagnósticos médicos; as medidas preventivas e pré-operatórias; o tratamento e a reabilitação, assim como os processos de engenharia de tecidos nos últimos anos. Na oftalmologia, as aplicações da impressão tridimensional são extensas. Modelos anatômicos para aplicação na área da educação e planejamentos cirúrgicos, desenvolvimento de implantes, lentes, equipamentos para diagnósticos, novas aplicações terapêuticas e desenvolvimento de tecidos oculares já estão em desenvolvimento. Por possuir um campo amplo e ser alvo de pesquisa constante, a área oftalmológica permite que a manufatura aditiva ainda seja amplamente utilizada a favor dos médicos e dos pacientes.

ABSTRACT Additive manufacturing, more popularly known as three-dimensional (3D) printing, is based on the development of an object with the help of computer-aided design software followed by its printing through the deposition of a material, layer by layer, to create the desired product. There are several types of 3D printing techniques and the type of printing process chosen depends on the specific application of the object to be developed, the materials to be used, and the resolution required to print the final product. 3D printing has brought new perspectives to research and revolutionized the field of health sciences, with the possibility of creating and developing customized products in a faster, more economical, and more centralized way than in the traditional manufacturing process. Additive manufacturing technologies have reformulated medical diagnostics, preventive, preoperative, treatment, and rehabilitation, as well as tissue engineering processes in recent years. In ophthalmology, the applications of 3D printing are extensive. Anatomical models for application in education and surgical planning, development of implants, lenses, diagnostic equipment, new therapeutic applications, and development of ocular tissues (3D bioprinting) are already under development. As it has a wide field and is the subject of constant research, the ophthalmic area allows additive manufacturing to still be widely used in favor of doctors and patients.

Advanced progress of ex vivo biosensor assay in toxicological evaluation / 中华预防医学杂志

The ex vivo biosensor assay is developed to assess the health effects and toxicological mechanism of environmental pollutants with internal environment homeostasis changes by integrating the in vivo exposure evaluation, in vitro outcomes analysis, and systematic environment component screening. This toxicology testing model combines the real-world exposure of people in the field and the study of molecular mechanism exploration in lab experiments to overcome the shortcomings of a single toxicology method. It provides a new technique and perspective for toxicity testing and risk assessment in mesoscale between macroscopic population study and microscopic mechanism exploration.

Biosensor-based assay of exosome biomarker for early diagnosis of cancer / 医学前沿

Cancer imposes a severe threat to people's health and lives, thus pressing a huge medical and economic burden on individuals and communities. Therefore, early diagnosis of cancer is indispensable in the timely prevention and effective treatment for patients. Exosome has recently become an attractive cancer biomarker in noninvasive early diagnosis because of the unique physiology and pathology functions, which reflects remarkable information regarding the cancer microenvironment, and plays an important role in the occurrence and evolution of cancer. Meanwhile, biosensors have gained great attention for the detection of exosomes due to their superior properties, such as convenient operation, real-time readout, high sensitivity, and remarkable specificity, suggesting promising biomedical applications in the early diagnosis of cancer. In this review, the latest advances of biosensors regarding the assay of exosomes were summarized, and the superiorities of exosomes as markers for the early diagnosis of cancer were evaluated. Moreover, the recent challenges and further opportunities of developing effective biosensors for the early diagnosis of cancer were discussed.

Nucleic acid-based biosensors: analytical devices for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases / Biosensores basados en ácidos nucleicos: dispositivos analíticos para la prevención, el diagnóstico y tratamiento de enfermedades

BACKGROUND: Biosensing techniques have been the subject of exponentially increasing interest due to their performance advantages such as high selectivity and sensitivity, easy operation, low cost, short analysis time, simple sample preparation, and real-time detection. Biosensors have been developed by integrating the unique specificity of biological reactions and the high sensitivity of physical sensors. Therefore, there has been a broad scope of applications for biosensing techniques, and nowadays, they are ubiquitous in different areas of environmental, healthcare, and food safety. Biosensors have been used for environmental studies, detecting and quantifying pollutants in water, air, and soil. Biosensors also showed great potential for developing analytical tools with countless applications in diagnosing, preventing, and treating diseases, mainly by detecting biomarkers. Biosensors as a medical device can identify nucleic acids, proteins, peptides, metabolites, etc.; these analytes may be biomarkers associated with the disease status. Bacterial food contamination is considered a worldwide public health issue; biosensor-based analytical techniques can identify the presence or absence of pathogenic agents in food. OBJECTIVES: The present review aims to establish state-of-the-art, comprising the recent advances in the use of nucleic acid-based biosensors and their novel application for the detection of nucleic acids. Emphasis will be given to the performance characteristics, advantages, and challenges. Additionally, food safety applications of nucleic acid-based biosensors will be discussed. METHODS: Recent research articles related to nucleic acid-based biosensors, biosensors for detecting nucleic acids, biosensors and food safety, and biosensors in environmental monitoring were reviewed. Also, biosensing platforms associated with the clinical diagnosis and food industry were included. RESULTS: It is possible to appreciate that multiple applications of nucleic acid-based biosensors have been reported in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases, as well as to identify foodborne pathogenic bacteria. The use of PNA and aptamers opens the possibility of developing new biometric tools with better analytical properties. CONCLUSIONS: Biosensors could be considered the most important tool for preventing, treating, and monitoring diseases that significantly impact human health. The aptamers have advantages as biorecognition elements due to the structural conformation, hybridization capacity, robustness, stability, and lower costs. It is necessary to implement biosensors in situ to identify analytes with high selectivity and lower detection limits

ANTECEDENTES: Las técnicas de biodetección han sido objeto de un interés cada vez mayor debido a ventajas, tales como alta selectividad y sensibilidad, facilidad de manejo, bajo costo, tiempo de análisis corto, preparación sencilla de muestras y detección en tiempo real. Los biosensores se han desarrollado integrando la especificidad única de las reacciones biológicas y la alta sensibilidad de los sensores físicos. Por lo tanto, las técnicas de biodetección han tenido un amplio campo de aplicación y hoy en día son omnipresentes en diferentes áreas del medio ambiente, la salud y la seguridad alimentaria. Se han utilizado biosensores para estudios ambientales, detectando y cuantificando contaminantes en el agua, el aire y el suelo. Los biosensores también mostraron un gran potencial para desarrollar herramientas analíticas con innumerables aplicaciones en el diagnóstico, prevención y tratamiento de enfermedades, principalmente mediante la detección de biomarcadores. Los biosensores como dispositivo médico pueden utilizarse para identificar ácidos nucleicos, proteínas, péptidos, metabolitos, etc. Estos analitos pueden ser biomarcadores asociados al estado de la enfermedad. La contaminación bacteriana de los alimentos se considera un problema de salud pública mundial; se pueden utilizar técnicas analíticas basadas en biosensores para determinar la presencia o ausencia de agentes patógenos en los alimentos. OBJETIVOS: La presente revisión tiene por objeto establecer los últimos adelantos en la utilización de biosensores basados en ácidos nucleicos y su novedosa aplicación para la detección de ácidos nucleicos. Se hará hincapié en las características del desempeño, las ventajas y los desafíos. Además, se examinarán las aplicaciones de los biosensores basados en ácidos nucleicos para la inocuidad de los alimentos. MÉTODOS: Se examinaron artículos de investigación recientes relacionados con los biosensores a base de ácidos nucleicos, los biosensores para la detección de ácidos nucleicos, los biosensores y la inocuidad de los alimentos, y los biosensores para la vigilancia del medio ambiente. También se incluyeron plataformas de biosensores asociadas al diagnóstico clínico y a la industria alimentaria. RESULTADOS: Es posible apreciar que se han reportado múltiples aplicaciones de biosensores basados en ácido nucleico para el diagnóstico, prevención y tratamiento de enfermedades, así como para identificar bacterias patógenas transmitidas por los alimentos. El uso de PNA y aptámeros abre la posibilidad de desarrollar nuevas herramientas biométricas con mejores propiedades analíticas. CONCLUSIONES: Los biosensores pueden ser considerados como los instrumentos más importantes para la prevención, el tratamiento y la vigilancia de las enfermedades que tienen un impacto significativo en la salud humana. Los aptámeros tienen ventajas como elemento de biorreconocimiento debido a la conformación estructural, capacidad de hibridación, robustez, estabilidad y menores costos. Es necesario implementar biosensores in situ para identificar analitos con alta selectividad y menores límites de detección

Electrochemical DNA Biosensor for Mycobacterium leprae Identification

Abstract Nowadays, a prompt and reliable diagnosis is one of the most critical measures for leprosy control. The current diagnostic is based on clinical exams by a health care professional, and it may not recognize early signs of the disease. Therefore, other leprosy diagnosis methods are needed that are sensitive, disease-specific, and easy to deliver to the end-user. This study describes the construction of an electrochemical DNA biosensor to detect PCR products of Mycobacterium leprae using methylene blue as an indicator of the hybridization. The capture probe was immobilized on the graphite electrode modified with poly(4-aminophenol). The electrode surface was morphologically characterized by atomic force microscopy. Linear voltammetry was used to monitor the concentration of methylene blue on the DNA biosensor, which indicated a limit detection of 1 x 10-10 mol/L. The biosensor showed selective when placed to hybridize with a non-complementary sequence. This study suggests that the electrochemical DNA biosensor developed is promising for detecting DNA of Mycobacterium leprae.

Realidade virtual na prática de mindfulness em psicoterapia: uma revisão narrativa / Realidad virtual en la práctica del mindfulness: una revisión narrativa / Virtual reality in the practice of mindfulness in psychotherapy: a narrative review

RESUMO A associação entre mindfulness (MF) e Realidade Virtual (RV) é recente. O MF vem sendo utilizado na psicoterapia em razão dos efeitos terapêuticos observados. Entretanto, não são todos os pacientes que conseguem obter o benefício desse recurso, sendo a RV uma via para o trabalho com o MF por facilitar o sentido de presença. Este artigo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão narrativa da literatura sobre a utilização terapêutica da RV na prática de MF. Foram analisados 23 artigos completos, sendo os principais focos de pesquisa: o aprimoramento dos ecossistemas imersivos e dos recursos terapêuticos no contexto do MF em relação à experiência do usuário; o desenvolvimento de recursos tecnológicos econômicos; material de fácil manuseio para facilitar a experiência do usuário. Concluímos que a RV pode ser facilitadora como ferramenta no tratamento de pacientes cujo perfil se enquadra em terapia mediada por MF, embora sejam necessários estudos controlados que permitam compreender as especificidades da RV e as variáveis com valor terapêutico.

RESUMEN La asociación entre mindfulness (MF) y Realidad Virtual (VR) es reciente. MF se ha utilizado en psicoterapia debido a los efectos terapéuticos observados. Sin embargo, no todos los pacientes pueden obtener el beneficio de este recurso, siendo la RV una forma de trabajar con el MF porque facilita el sentido de presencia. Este artículo tuvo como objetivo realizar una revisión narrativa de la literatura sobre el uso terapéutico de la RV en la práctica de MF. Se analizaron 23 artículos completos, siendo los principales focos de investigación: la mejora de ecosistemas inmersivos y recursos terapéuticos en el contexto de MF en relación a la experiencia del usuario; el desarrollo de recursos tecnológicos económicos; material fácil de manejar para facilitar la experiencia del usuario. Concluimos que la RV puede ser un facilitador como herramienta en el tratamiento de pacientes cuyo perfil encaja en la terapia mediada por MF, aunque son necesarios estudios controlados para entender las especificidades de la RV y las variables con valor terapéutico.

ABSTRACT The association between mindfulness (MF) and Virtual Reality (VR) is recent. MF has been used in psychotherapy due to the therapeutic effects reported. However, not all patients are able to obtain the benefits of this resource, and VR becomes a way to work with MF as it facilitates the sense of presence. This paper presents a narrative review of the literature about therapeutic uses of VR in the practice of MF. A total of 23 complete papers were analyzed, being the main research focuses: the improvement of immersive ecosystems and therapeutic resources in the context of MF in relation to the user experience; the development of economic technological resources; easy to handle material to facilitate the user experience. We concluded that VR can be a facilitator as a tool in the treatment of patients who could benefit from MF-informed therapy, although controlled studies are needed to understand the specificities of VR and the variables with therapeutic value.

Application of CRISPR/Cas-based biosensors for detecting nucleic acid of pathogens / 生物工程学报

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats -associated protein (CRISPR/Cas) has been developed as a precise, efficient, affordable and sensitive nucleic acid detection tool due to its efficient targeted binding ability and programmability. At present, biosensors based on CRISPR-Cas system have shown excellent performance in the detection of nucleic acid of pathogens, which has attracted widespread attention, and is expected to replace the conventional detection methods. This review summarizes the latest research progress of biosensors based on CRISPR/Cas system for detecting nucleic acid of pathogens.

Progress in transcription factor-based metabolite biosensors / 生物工程学报

Transcription factor-based biosensors (TFBs) play an essential role in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology. TFBs sense the metabolite concentration signals and convert them into specific signal output. They hold high sensitivity, strong specificity, brief analysis speed, and are widely used in response to target metabolites. Here we reviewe the principles of TFBs, the application examples, and challenges faced in recent years in microbial cells, including detecting target metabolite concentrations, high-throughput screening, adaptive laboratory evolutionary selection, and dynamic control. Simultaneously, to overcome the challenges in the application, we also focus on reviewing the performance tuning strategies of TFBs, mainly including traditional and computer-aided tuning strategies. We also discuss the opportunities and challenges that TFBs may face in practical applications, and propose the future research trend.

Progress in fluorescent visualization techniques for neurotransmitter detection / 生物工程学报

Neurotransmitters play an important role in nervous system. Temporal and spatial changes of neurotransmitter distribution are crucial to information processing in neural networks. Biosensors that can visually monitor neurotransmitters are one of the vital tools to explore a variety of physiological and pathological activities. This article reviews recent advances in monitoring neurotransmitters with high temporal and spatial resolution, and introduces the latest fluorescent imaging methods for typical neurotransmitters, including glutamate, dopamine, γ-aminobutyric acid and acetylcholine. The article also summarizes the basic principles, advantages and disadvantages of various visually detection methods, and provides systematic suggestions for designing neurotransmitter sensors with high temporal and spatial resolution.

Advances in the research and applications of orange fluorescent protein / 生物工程学报

Fluorescent proteins can be used as probes to investigate intercellular molecular interactions and trace the pathway of specific metabolites, thus providing a detailed and accurate description of various metabolic processes and cellular pathways in living cells. Nowadays, the existing fluorescent proteins cover almost all spectral bands from ultraviolet to far-red. These fluorescent proteins have been applied in many fields of bioscience with the help of high-resolution microscopy, making great contributions to the development of biology. It is generally agreed that orange fluorescent proteins refer to the fluorescent proteins at the spectral range of 540-570 nm. In recent years, researches on orange fluorescent proteins have made great progress, and they have been widely applied in the field of biology and medicine as reporter protein and fluorescence resonance energy transfer as fluorescent receptor. This paper reviews the studies in the field of orange fluorescent proteins over the last 15 years, with the special focus on the development and application of orange fluorescent proteins to provide the basis for the future studies.

Bile acid detection by biosensors-a review / 生物工程学报

Bile acids facilitate the absorption of lipids, and affect the development of various diseases by regulating intestinal flora structure and modulating immunity and metabolism. It is therefore important to quantitatively detect bile acids. Current analytical methods are still immature due to constituent complexity, structural heterogeneity and bioactive variability of bile acids. Detection of individual bile acids is of significance for pharmacological research, clinical diagnosis and disease prevention. Advances have been made in bile acid analysis from multiple sources including serum, bile, urine and feces, although several limitations still exist for bile acid quantification. Here we review research progress in conventional bile acid assays, including spectrophotometry, thin-layer chromatography, liquid/gas chromatography and liquid/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Moreover, we emphasize the development of bile acid biosensors that may have promising prospects.

Research Progress on Electrochemical Biosensors for Breast Cancer Detection Based on Nanomaterials / 中国医疗器械杂志

Breast cancer is one of the most serious diseases threatening women's life and health in the world, and the mortality rate is the second in the world. With the progress of nanotechnology and the advantages of nanomaterials in the field of electrochemistry and biosensor, various nanomaterials have been applied in electrochemical biosensors. This makes the electrochemical nano-biosensor in the field of rapid detection of breast cancer has been widely concerned and studied. This paper introduces the important components of electrochemical nano-biosensor for breast cancer detection and the research progress of each component in breast cancer detection, as well as the performance of electrochemical nano biosensor in breast cancer detection and the prospect of its application.

Rapid detection of trace Hg~(2+) in animal matrix by specific DNA electrochemical sensor / 中国中药杂志

A highly specific electrochemical biosensor based on T-Hg~(2+)-T structure for fast screening trace Hg~(2+) in complex animal drug matrix was constructed by cyclic voltammetry(CV) and differential pulse voltammetry(DPV). In the presence of Hg~(2+), it can be specifically binded to the T base of DNA sequence on the surface of modified gold electrode, which changes the conformation of DNA molecule and the electrochemical signal. The concentration ratio of EDC/NHS, the concentration ratio of FC-DNA and the reaction time of the biosensor were optimized by the index of sensitivity and reproducibility in CV. The results showed that the stability of the biosensor was good within 3 days(RSD≤1.3%), the difference between batches was low(RSD=4.7%), and the specificity of the biosensor was high in the presence of interfering ions(As~(3+), Cd~(2+), Cu~(2+), Pb~(2+), Zn~(2+) and Fe~(3+)). DPV results showed that the peak current signal value has a linear relationship with the lgC_((Hg)) over a concentration range from 0.1 nmol·L~(-1) to 1.0 μmol·L~(-1) with a detection limit of 0.066 nmol·L~(-1). Finally, the recovery rate tested in the matrix of animal medicine was satisfactory as 99.17%-101.3%, which can meet the needs of the determination of trace Hg~(2+) in the matrix of Bombyx Batryticatus, and provide a new idea for the rapid screening of trace heavy metals in the matrix of other types of complex traditional Chinese medicine.

Clinical and biomedical applications of surface plasmon resonance systems

Abstract Surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based biosensors offer superior analytical features such as simplicity, sensitivity, and specificity when compared to conventional methods in clinical analyses. In addition, they deliver real-time monitoring of label-free analytes with high-throughput approaches requiring little sample pretreatment that allows the analysis of virtually every clinical sample type to determine the amount and/or activity of any molecule of interest. Accordingly, SPR emerges as a novel, efficient, powerful, and relatively low-cost alternative tool for routine clinical analysis, opening also new horizons for developments in personalized medicine applied to diagnostics or therapeutics’ monitoring.

Cell-free synthetic biology: an emerging strategy torevolutionize the biomedical industry / 生物工程学报

Cell-free synthetic biology system can perform biological transcription and translation process in vitro. Because of its advanced features, such as flexible openness, easy control, short expression time and high tolerance to cytotoxicity, this systemhas been successfully used to synthesize proteins that are difficult to express in cells. With the continuous development of cell-free biosensing technology and the lyophilization technology, its applications have widely expanded into many biomedical fields. This review discusses the current research progress of cell-free synthetic biology system in on-demand biopharmaceutical synthesis, portable diagnostics, and others. Further development of the system can lead to even more complicated synthesis of therapeutic proteins with post-translational modifications and evolution of different cell-free biosensors with high sensitivity. Cell-free synthetic biology as an emerging engineering strategy can be a better means applied to high-throughput screening of pharmaceutical proteins, detection of new pathogens, and other important health-care fields in the future.

Research progress of biosensors in the detection of foodborne pathogens / 生物工程学报

As the main factor leading to foodborne illnesses, foodborne pathogens have been attached great importance by people. The development of simple, rapid, high-sensitivity and low-cost food-borne pathogen detection methods is of great significance in reducing the incidence of foodborne diseases. Biosensor technology is a new micro-analysis technology developed by multi-disciplinary cross-infiltration. It has the characteristics of high sensitivity and fast analysis speed, and is widely used in the detection of food-borne pathogens. This paper introduces the basic principles of biosensors, summarizes the application of common biosensors in the detection of foodborne pathogens, and prospects for future development.